Hello Friends, Thanks for coming here to read my blog, Welcome to my blog.
Here, We will discuss some basics Linux commands with screenshots.....
Note : I have used online terminal to practice / for taking screenshot purpose. Search in website you guys will get so many online terminal to practice Linux commands.
Okay ! Let's learn some more commands.
File and Navigation Linux Commands:
1. ls : Directory listing , List all files and directory present in the current directory.
2. ls -la : List all files and directory present in the current directory including hidden files.
3. ls -l : long listing or formatted listing.
4. Change directory(cd) :
- cd dir : Change to directory
- cd .. : change to parent directory
- cd../ : change to another directory in parent directory
- cd or cd~ : Change to home directory
Ex:
=============
$ ls -ltr
total 16
-rw-r--r-- 1 webmaster webmaster 0 May 31 16:45 KKPP
drwxr-xr-x 2 webmaster webmaster 4096 May 31 16:58 kkp4
drwxr-xr-x 2 webmaster webmaster 4096 May 31 16:58 kkp3
drwxr-xr-x 2 webmaster webmaster 4096 May 31 16:58 kkp2
drwxr-xr-x 3 webmaster webmaster 4096 May 31 16:59 KKP
$ cd KKP
$ pwd
/home/cg/root/6659b10b30e29/KKP
$ cd ..
$ pwd
/home/cg/root/6659b10b30e29
$ cd KKP
$
$ ls -ltr
total 4
-rw-r--r-- 1 webmaster webmaster 0 May 31 16:59 kkp
drwxr-xr-x 2 webmaster webmaster 4096 May 31 16:59 kkp2
-rw-r--r-- 1 webmaster webmaster 0 May 31 16:59 23.txt
$ cd kkp2
$ pwd
/home/cg/root/6659b10b30e29/KKP/kkp2
Sub Commands :
==================
- rm -f : delete file
- rm -r : Delete directory
- rm -rf : delete directory forcefully
6. cp : This is copy command, we can use this for copy files/directory from one location to another location.
Moving file to inside a directory, Here is the Example
$ ll
total 96
drwxr-xr-x 3 webmaster webmaster 4096 May 31 17:34 ./
drwxrwxrwt 1832 1003 1003 86016 May 31 17:38 ../
drwxr-xr-x 2 webmaster webmaster 4096 May 31 17:29 TECHNO/
-rw-r--r-- 1 webmaster webmaster 0 May 31 17:27 Technology
-rw-r--r-- 1 webmaster webmaster 0 May 31 17:26 kkp
-rw-r--r-- 1 webmaster webmaster 0 May 31 17:26 kkp2
$ cd TECHNO
$ ll
total 8
drwxr-xr-x 2 webmaster webmaster 4096 May 31 17:29 ./
drwxr-xr-x 3 webmaster webmaster 4096 May 31 17:34 ../
-rw-r--r-- 1 webmaster webmaster 0 May 31 17:29 kkp2
$ pwd
/home/cg/root/6659ba95a3bc3/TECHNO
$ cd ..
$ ll
total 96
drwxr-xr-x 3 webmaster webmaster 4096 May 31 17:34 ./
drwxrwxrwt 1839 1003 1003 86016 May 31 17:38 ../
drwxr-xr-x 2 webmaster webmaster 4096 May 31 17:29 TECHNO/
-rw-r--r-- 1 webmaster webmaster 0 May 31 17:27 Technology
-rw-r--r-- 1 webmaster webmaster 0 May 31 17:26 kkp
-rw-r--r-- 1 webmaster webmaster 0 May 31 17:26 kkp2
$ mv kkp .TECHNO/
mv kkp .TECHNO/
mv: cannot move 'kkp' to '.TECHNO/': Not a directory
$ mv kkp ./TECHNO
mv kkp ./TECHNO
$ cd TECHNO
cd TECHNO
$ ll
total 8
drwxr-xr-x 2 webmaster webmaster 4096 May 31 17:39 ./
drwxr-xr-x 3 webmaster webmaster 4096 May 31 17:39 ../
-rw-r--r-- 1 webmaster webmaster 0 May 31 17:26 kkp
-rw-r--r-- 1 webmaster webmaster 0 May 31 17:29 kkp2
$
8. cat : This Command is used to view the content present in files.
Note : Here in above Screenshot kkp2 file contains nothing, i.e it is 0 bytes
9. tail : This command is used to view the content of file and It will work based on the parameter.
- Sub commands are
- tail -f : Used to show last 10 lines of file
- tail -100f : used to show last 100 lines of file.
Note : This command is used to tail the logs file in real time.
The same way we will use "head -f" command t9 display first 10 lines in the file.
This is enough for today.. we have so many commands to learn still will come up with them in my next blog.
Thanks for reading, Yours friend VKšš
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